Figure 4. Typical UV Index values for a range of cities worldwide are specified for the 21st of each month based on calculations with the radiation transfer model STAR. The coldest month in Auckland, New Zealand, is July , with an average high-temperature of 13.8C (56.8F) and an average low-temperature of 10.4C (50.7F) . Countries close to the equator can experience very high UV levels in the middle of the day throughout the year. The UV index is used to forecast the strength of the sun's ultraviolet rays. Thus UV radiation levels vary with time of day and time of year.Latitude: the closer to equatorial regions, the higher the UV radiation levels.Cloud cover: UV radiation levels are highest under cloudless skies but even with cloud cover, they can be high. Learn more about the UV Index. The index is a scale of 0 to 16+, with 0 representing minimal UV exposure risk and values higher than 11 posing an extreme risk. These use the UV index and Fitzpatrick scale skin type to calculate the maximum exposure time before receiving a sunburn. Research has found a 4x increase in minimum dose to sunburn from subjects in the US compared to subjects in Taiwan.[29]. On a global scale, our governments need to come together to enact policies that protect the stability of our ozone layers. Learn more about the UV Index. These values are also representative of the values expected between 11 am and 1 pm local time (12 pm and 2 pm daylight saving time) under clear skies. These address different target audiences such as occupationally exposed people, tourists, school children and the general public. You may notice a brief delay as each map loads. For a wide range of timescales, sunburn in response to controlled UV radiation occurs in proportion to the total number of photons delivered, not varying with the intensity or duration of exposure. February. Indices of 9 and 10 are common in the Mediterranean area. Two battles need to be fought to successfully achieve this goal: personal/cultural mindset changes and international action. Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation Data by country You are here: By category; Public health and environment; Ultraviolet (UV) radiation; Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation; Regions. March. The protection they afford depends critically on their correct application. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. webmaster: Paul Przyborski | NASA official: Robert Levy. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Protect the eyes with wrap-around-design sunglasses or sunglasses with side panels. While the smaller wavelength UVC rays often only impact the top layer of our skin, UVA rays can deeply penetrate every layer of the skin, capable of causing cellular disruption in the deepest dermis layer (5). A UV index reading of 0 to 2 means low danger from the Sun's UV rays for the average person. It can help individuals make healthy choices. Wearing sun protective eyewear, sunscreen, a hat, and adequate clothing to cover your skin is advised at this UV index rating to prevent the risk of sunburns. Tip: If your ZIP code is not found, try searching for your city and state. If outdoors, seek shade and wear sun-protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses. [1] The purpose of the UV index is to help people effectively protect themselves from UV radiation, which has health benefits in moderation but in excess causes sunburn, skin aging, DNA damage, skin cancer, immunosuppression,[2] and eye damage, such as cataracts. These values are also representative of the values expected between 11 am and 1 pm local time (12 pm and 2 pm daylight saving time) under clear skies. Indices of 9 and 10 are common in the Mediterranean area. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. (Note the huge absorption that has already taken place in the atmosphere at short wavelengths.) Africa; The UV Index is a measure of the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) rays from the Sun. It is primarily used in daily and hourly forecasts aimed at the general public. Because of the cultural value of fair skin, no Asian countries place in the skin cancer top twenty list, despite their geographical location and average higher UV indexes. The UVI is an international standard index that describes the level of solar UV radiation on the earths surface. Most people are used to adjusting their daily plans and choice of clothing to the weather forecast, especially to temperature predictions. Melanin does help to prevent UV radiation damage, but it can also hide the early signs of skin cancer, leading to people with these skin complexions being diagnosed at later and more severe stages of the disease. The UV Index is accompanied by recommendations for sun protection and is a useful tool for planning Just fill out the form below. Vital Ozone Graphics 2.0 - Climate Link is a Resource Kit for journalists, which provides them with the essential visuals, facts, links 01 Mar 2010 [24] In the same year, a survey among meteorologists ranked the development of the UV index as #11 on The Weather Channel's 100 Biggest Weather Moments. Small amounts of UV radiation are beneficial to people, and play an essential role in the production of vitamin D. However, overexposure to UV radiation is responsible for two major public health problems: skin cancer and cataract. The UVI was developed through an international effort by WHO in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), and the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection. Unsurprisingly, climate change is not having a positive effect on skin cancer trends around the world. UV radiation levels vary throughout the year and throughout the country according to: From The Conversation: https://theconversation.com/why-does-australia-have-so-much-skin-cancer-hint-its-not-because-of-an-ozone-hole-91850, Excess skin cancer cases due to ozone depletion, United States, 2000-2100 from Our World in Data: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/excess-skin-cancer-cases-due-to-ozone-depletion?country=~USA. Everyone is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Step 2: Check out the recommended sun protection. The UV Index scale ranges from a low of zero to a high of 11+ in Canada, The highest values occur in southern Ontario, where values of 11, or even 12 on rare occasions, have occurred. The UV Index is an important vehicle to raise public awareness of the risks of excessive exposure to UV radiation, and to alert people about the need to adopt protective measures. Between 2 and 3 million non-melanoma skin cancers and over 130,000 malignant melanomas occur globally each year. WebThe Global Solar UV Index (UVI) is a simple measurement of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. To installthe widget on your page:https://www.epa.gov/developers/data-data-products-envirofacts-uv-index-widget. WebThe UV index climatology shows how much UV exposure a person could get on average during each month. WebThe first month of the spring, March, is also a hot month in Panama City, Panama, with an average temperature ranging between max 34.8C (94.6F) and min 18.4C (65.1F). Those with darker skin (Type IV+) are more likely to withstand greater sun exposure, while extra precautions are needed for children, seniors, particularly fair-skinned adults, and those who have greater sun sensitivity for medical reasons[26] or from UV exposure in previous days. The Tracking Network includes data on exposure to sunlight and UV in the United States. Summer-time values in Northern latitudes rarely exceed 8. It has been designed to indicate the potential for adverse health effects and to encourage people to protect themselves. It serves as an important vehicle to raise public awareness and to alert people about the need to adopt protective measures when exposed to UV radiation. Table 1 below shows the average UV Index (UVI) levels for regions across New Zealand and Australia based on latitude. . For further information on INTERSUN refer to our web site: www.who.int/peh-uv. The UV index is used to forecast the strength of the sun's ultraviolet rays. The specified UV Index values serve as a benchmark for a typical atmospheric condition at each respective location. The UVI is an important vehicle to alert people about the need to use sun protection. The strength of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation is expressed as a Solar UV Index or Sun Index.The UV Index does not exceed 8 in the UK (8 is rare; 7 may occur on exceptional days, mostly in the two weeks around the summer solstice). WebCountries; All countries (UV) radiation. WebThe UV index forecast for Ireland is sourced by Deutscher Wetterdienst and is included in our regional forecasts from May to September but be aware it can only be an average for any one day over the entire country. The index ranges from 0 to 11+ and the values are grouped into various exposure categories. If outdoors, wear sun-protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses. The UV index is a measure of the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earths surface. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. There is also evidence that UV radiation reduces the effectiveness of the immune system. The maps below show monthly average UV Index values for the United States. In [7], When the UV index is presented on a daily basis, it represents UV intensity around the sun's highest point in the day, called solar noon, halfway between sunrise and sunset. A higher index value indicates a greater potential for harmful effects to the skin and eyes. With the rates of skin cancer diagnosis increasing every year, aggressive cancer types like cutaneous malignant melanoma are steadily climbing up the leaderboard of most common cancers around the world. What are static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields? On Dec. 29, 2003, a world-record UV index of 43.3 was detected at Bolivia's Licancabur volcano. Look for Analyze this image and click on that link to add to your analysis queue. WebThe Earth's orbit also brings countries in the southern hemisphere (Australia included) closer to the sun in summertime than countries in the northern hemisphere during summer. Predictions are made by a computer model that UV Radiation - Sun - Solaria - Infrared Radiation - Laser. Some 16 million people worldwide are currently blind as a result of cataracts; of these, WHO estimates that as many as 20% may be due to UV radiation exposure. UV rating 8-10 At this very high rating of UV exposure, you can sustain a sunburn in less than 15 minutes. [11] The result is integrated over the whole spectrum. Other chronic skin changes due to UV radiation include injuries to skin cells, blood vessels and fibrous tissue, better known as skin ageing. Ground reflection: grass, soil and water reflect less than 10% of UV radiation; fresh snow reflects as much as 80%; dry beach sand about 15% and sea foam about 25%. Generously apply broad spectrum SPF 15+ sunscreen every 1.5 hours, even on cloudy days, and after swimming or sweating. Identify areas where intensity may be increasing. It is important to note that while those with darker skin tones have a lower risk of developing skin cancers, the risk is never zero. Sunlight/UV Vulnerability and Preparedness. Many experts believe that the increased prevalence of skin cancer in modern fair-skinned Aussies and Kiwis is in part due to their European ancestors. However, sunscreen represents a last line of defence, and should never be used to prolong the duration of sun exposure. The most common types of non-melanoma skin cancers are basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, both of which have a lower mortality rate than melanoma (1). The forecast map shows contour lines of predicted UV Index values during the solar noon hour. Some sunshine prediction and advice apps have been released. Because of the natural rotation and orbit of the Earth around the Sun, countries that are near the equator will experience the harshest increases in UV radiation exposure as a result of ozone depletion. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. It is created daily by the National Weather Service. The graphics package can be downloaded from the web site of INTERSUN, the Global UV Project, at http://www.who.int.uv/. Factors like the Earths elliptical orbit shape, lower overall pollution levels, and less population density results in countries in the southern hemisphere near the equator getting an estimated 15% more UV radiation exposure than those in the northern hemisphere (13). WebThe Earth's orbit also brings countries in the southern hemisphere (Australia included) closer to the sun in summertime than countries in the northern hemisphere during summer. Able to permeate our skin at different levels, protection against all three types of UV rays is essential for adequate sun protection. The values of the index range from zero upward - the higher the UVI, the greater the potential for damage to the skin and eye, and the less time it takes for harm to occur. What is the point of radiation research? The UVI is a simple measure of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. Lets explore how human genetics (and the impact of modern pollution) are contributing to the increased numbers of skin cancer diagnoses around the world. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The author, Claire Bonneau, is a medical writer and certified trauma operating room nurse. This means that there is a high risk of skin damage from prolonged exposure to sunlight. UV rating 11+ Any rating of 11 or higher is considered to be extreme levels of UV radiation exposure. The index ranges from 0 to 11+ and the values are grouped into various exposure categories. Depletion of the ozone layer, which provides a protective filter against UV radiation, may further aggravate the problem. Out of the 50 holiday hotspots, Sri Lanka has the most dangerous radiation level, with an average score of 11.75[4]. Divided into three different classes based on their wavelengths, UVA, UVB, and UVC rays can permeate into our skin to different depths (4). In rodents, this immune suppression results in enhanced susceptibility to certain infectious diseases. WebCountries; All countries (UV) radiation. WebThe Global Solar UV Index (UVI) The UVI is a simple measure of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. It serves as an important vehicle to raise public awareness and to alert people about the need to adopt protective measures when exposed to UV radiation. Principles of radiation protection, Atomic bombings: radiation protection, Occupational radiation protection. [12] When the index was designed, the typical midday summer sunlight was around 250mW/m2. WebUV Index worldwide. Why protection against UV radiation? Through migrational habits and evolutionary changes, those who ended up in more northern locations were more likely to develop fairer skin tones. However, most people have not fully understood its meaning or usefulness, and UVI reporting and associated protection messages differed greatly between countries, creating confusion. If outdoors, seek shade and wear sun-protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses. To inform people about the risk one can expect from UV rays, the National Weather Service and the U.S. Reduce time in the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. If sun protection is required, this should include all protective means, i.e. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. Because of this, the ten most common locations for the development of skin cancer include the chest, arms, back of the legs, and face (11). Latitude: the closer to equatorial regions, the higher the UV radiation levels. A global UV index, first standardized by the World Health Organization and World Meteorological Organization in 1994,[17] gradually replaced the inconsistent regional versions, specifying not only a uniform calculation method (the Canadian definition) but also standard colors and graphics for visual media. What Climate Change Means for Glaciers, Storms, Fires, Clouds, and More. The UV-Index. The UV Index scale ranges from a low of zero to a high of 11+ in Canada, The highest values occur in southern Ontario, where values of 11, or even 12 on rare occasions, have occurred. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. The UV Index provides a forecast of the expected risk of overexposure to UV radiation from the sun. [4] Therefore, under similar conditions, a person who develops a sunburn after 30 minutes of exposure to UV index 6 radiation would most likely develop a sunburn after 15 minutes of exposure to UV index 12 radiation, since it is twice the intensity but half the duration. WebThe Global Solar UV Index (UVI) The UVI is a simple measure of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. If you burn easily, cover up and use broad spectrum SPF 15+ sunscreen. Based on a skin chart created by the World Health Organization (WHO), there are six different skin types, each with different risk levels for experiencing UV damage (10). The UV index is a measure of the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earths surface. Toggle navigation. WebThe Global Solar UV Index (UVI) The UVI is a simple measure of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. Trouble with this form? The UV index is used to forecast the strength of the sun's ultraviolet rays. Monthly mean UVI at the local noon over Europe for January until June over the time period 19832015 based on satellite data. Heraklion, Greece has an average UV index of 12. Long-term effects of UV radiation exposure of the eye may include the development of pterygium (white or creamy opaque growth attached to the cornea), and squamous cell cancer of the conjunctiva. Minimize sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. The values of the index range from zero upward - the higher the UVI, the greater the potential for damage to the skin and eye, and the less time it takes for harm to occur. Unless protective clothing and sunglasses are worn, skin and eyes can be damaged in minutes, It has been designed to indicate the potential for adverse health effects and to encourage people to protect themselves. Initially, the methods of calculating and reporting a UV index varied significantly from country to country. In 2005, Australia[22] and the United States[23] UV radiation exposure is cumulative during the day. Free application for mobile devices that describes the level of solar UV radiation at a specific location. Protection against skin and eye damage is needed. WebUV index. U.S. January Solar DNI Average. Determine which states have laws or policies in place to help reduce exposure to sunlight and UV, particularly among minors. WebThe month with the lowest UV index in Auckland, New Zealand, is June, with an average maximum UV index of 3. Bright surfaces, such as sand, water, and snow, will increase UV exposure. The concept is published in a WHO booklet Global Solar UV Index: a Practical Guide. When the day's predicted UV index is within various numerical ranges, the recommendations for protection are as follows:[18][27]. In the short-term, skin exposed to UV rays can burn. A higher index value indicates a greater potential for harmful effects to the skin and eyes. The top 20 countries for skin cancer diagnoses (and their average summer UV index) are (7): #1 Australia (average UV index of greater than 12), #2 New Zealand (average UV index of greater than 11), #3 Norway (average UV index of 5 or less), #4 Denmark (average UV index of 6 or less), #5 Netherlands (average UV index of 5 or less), #6 Sweden (average UV index of 5 or less), #7 Germany (average UV index of 5 or less), #8 Switzerland (average UV index of 8 or less), #9 Belgium (average UV index of 7 or less), #10 Slovenia (average UV index of 8 or less), #11 Luxembourg (average UV index of 7 or less), #12 Ireland (average UV index of 6 or less), #13 Finland (average UV index of 5 or less), #14 The United Kingdom (average UV index of 8 or less), #15 (tied) Austria and France (average UV index of 7 and 6, respectively), #17 United States (average UV index of 9-10 depending on the state), #18 Czech Republic (average UV index of 7 or less), #19 (tied) Canada and Italy (average UV index of 6 and 9, respectively).
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average uv index by country